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ഗהϞɛٙᔊ׼઺ึ̦
The Church in History

සኹϞ઺ึ၍ଣᛆdΝࣛɰ݊᙮˰ٙ୕ط٫fඈྡɓ˰ٙɽᛆί
׵˼ঐܸݼ˴઺ʿࡌ༸৫৫ڗdί຅ࣛdவ၇ɽᛆ̣ЪબВᓿ
Investituredఱ݊બၾ຅፯˴઺ҡܸʿᛆӂdЪ為ήЗٙ൥ᅄd

Ͼඈྡɓ˰Ԩڢ໋ۜɛࡰd˼˸̻ڦࢯԒʱਗ਼வԬ൥ᅄબၾ຅፯
ٙ˴઺dה˸၈為̻ڦࢯબВᓿLay Investiturefˡੱໄဲ
ήdඈྡɓ˰הܸݼٙ˴઺ձࡌ༸৫৫ڗே݊ɓԬᗴจ˕ܵ˼ٙ
ɛf

ඈྡɓ˰؈್౪હə઺ެߒጫɤɚ˰f為ڌͪชዧd઺ެ׵
ʮʩ962ϋɚ˜ɚ˚為ඈྡ̋ਐ為܎dԴவࡈίݟଣਟᏓࢮٙᘱו
٫˓ʕʱ੥ᕎؓٙग़໋ᖯ৵܎਷dΎܓܨూৎԸfவࡈ܎਷ɰΪ

Ϥၾᅃ਷ഐɨʔ༆ʘᇝfٜՑʮʩ1806ϋ஗ࣅॎ੧ऊ๘ࣛ為˟f
͟׵઺ެߒጫɤɚ˰Ӌп׵ᅃˮඈྡɓ˰dԴ઺ެՓɦ༨ආ
əɓࡈอ˰ߏf

ίவ˸ۃdהϞ઺ެே່݊ɽлɛdତίவࡈෂ୕஗͂ॎ
əfᅃˮඈྡɧ˰Otto III׵ʮʩ999ϋҪ˼ٙϼࢪeɽ˴઺̋
ԎGerbert׳ί઺ެᘒࢭɪdϓ為ୋɓࡈجᚆГ઺ެf̋Ԏ݊

຅ࣛ௰బኪᗆٙɛf˼ٙۃɓ΂઺ެ൮ࣸлʞ˰݊ୋɓࡈ˚Ѐਟ
઺ެf

6.઺ެᔖЗ൯ር

઺ึΎܓࠦᑗ࠴աୢ৓ٙΚዚfவ່ࣛɽл෫౶̔Tuscan
࢕ૄછՓɽᛆd˼ࡁ׵ʮʩ1033ϋ̵͉ͭӭдɘ˰Benedict IX

為઺ެf຅ࣛd̵͉ӭд̥ʔཀ݊ࡈɤɚ๋ٙ܀ɿdܝԸ˼ϓ為
ۜБ௰՚ΕٙɓЗ઺ެf͟׵˼ٙБ為˄઻ᕸd˸Ї׵ʮʩ 1045
ϋ஗तɻఘ࢕ૄٙ࿁᎘дԢ̀ख़ૄCrescenzio஼̈ᖯ৵f˼
ࡁ̤ͭəГၪ౶तɧ˰Sylvester III為઺ެfШཀəʔɮd͉

̵ӭдɘ˰ɦΫՑᖯ৵dᘱᚃ઺ެᔖЗf್Ͼ˼஼နྏ࠷வࡈᔖ

112

2 ഗהϞɛٙᔊ׼઺ึ̦ ̬ࣧ JOEE ɨʹ

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